Following a diet packed with ultra-processed foods may contribute to the demyelination of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord.

Central nervous system demyelination—a precursor to the development of multiple sclerosis— results from damage to the myelin sheath wrapping the nerves of the brain and spinal cord, which may lead to impaired transmission of signals, muscle weakness or spasm, loss of vision, bladder, and bowel control..This study clarified the role dietary exposure to ultra-processed foods play in the development of central nervous system demyelination. Researchers charted eating habits against central nervous system demyelination diagnosis status in a study cohort made up of 775 Australian adults. 

Researchers discovered that the risk of being diagnosed with a central nervous system demyelination disorder went up with frequent consumption of ultra-processed foods. The results of this study showed that high compliance with a diet rich in ultra-processed foods may facilitate the development of a central nervous system demyelination disorder.