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How robust is the association between smoking and depression in adults: a meta-analysis using linear mixed-effect models.
Cigarette smokers may be highly vulnerable to depression.
The aim of this study was to assess the association between cigarette smoking and the likelihood of suffering from depression using a meta-analytic approach. A total of 85 studies were included in this meta-analysis.
Data analysis revealed that depression was more likely to occur in current and former smokers than in never smokers. The findings of this study demonstrated a positive association between cigarette smoking and the occurrence of depression.
Research Summary Information
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2014
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Luger TM, Suls J, Vander Weg MW.
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Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, 200 Springs Road, Building 70 (152), Bedford, MA 02117, USA. Electronic address: Tana.Luger2@va.gov. Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: jerry.suls@nih.gov. Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, E11 Seashore Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Comprehensive Access & Delivery Research and Evaluation Center, 601 Highway 6 West, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. Electronic address: mark-vanderweg@uiowa.edu.
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No, Free full text of study was not found.
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