Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for the development of and mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma: An updated systematic review of 81 epidemiological studies.

​A surge in liver cancer development and mortality risk is associated with cigarette smoking.

​This study investigated the connection between cigarette smoking and hepatocellular cancer (HCC) development and mortality risk using a meta-analytic approach. A total of 81 studies were included in this meta-analysis. 

Researchers discovered that cigarette smokers had high tendency to acquire and die from hepatocellular (liver) cancer compared to non-smokers. The authors concluded that "Cigarette smoking increases the incidence and mortality of HCC."